What has music to do with a lustful man chasing a defenseless woman, or the dying kicks of a murdered scoundrel? He agonized over the opera for four years, finally dying of throat cancer before he finished the last scene. To avenge the rape and death of a distant ancestress, the Chinese princess Turandot challenges her suitors with three riddles and, if they fail to answer them correctly, has them beheaded. Prince Calaf has just seen Turandot on the ramparts of the palace and is instantly bewitched by her beauty.
He beats Turandot at her own game. For many of the arias and ensembles, Puccini used authentic Chinese melodies. Calaf has now challenged Turandot to discover his true name, agreeing to sacrifice his life if she succeeds. In Act II, Musetta, the fickle girlfriend of the painter Marcello, attempts to regain his attention by flirting with the elderly government administrator, Alcindoro, who can afford to keep her in the style to which she wishes to become accustomed.
In "Quando me'n vo" When I go Out she brags how irresistible she is Listen she complains of her tight shoe and Alcindoro runs to the shoemaker to fix the problem, while she and Marcello make up. For Copland, both television and opera were new media, and he approached both with great trepidation. The book grew out of a magazine article on the conditions of white sharecropper families in the South.
Copland and Everett transferred the action to the Midwest as the story of two drifters, Martin and Top, looking for a job at the farm of the Moss family — a mother, a daughter Laurie about to graduate from high school, her year-old sister Beth, and their grandfather. When the two drifters come along asking for odd jobs, Grandfather Moss is reluctant and the mother is alarmed because she's heard reports of two men molesting young girls in the area.
At Laurie's graduation party Laurie and Martin fall in love, but their goals in life are in conflict: Laurie associates Martin with freedom from the confines of small-town life, while he associates her with settling down. During the evening Martin and Top are accused of being the molesters. Although the accusations are soon proven false, Grampa Moss tells them they must leave at daybreak.
In the course of the night, Martin and Laurie make plans to run away together, but Top convinces Martin that the roving life would never suit her. The two drifters steal off, but when Laurie discovers she's been jilted, she decides to leave home anyway. In the end, the television deal collapsed; instead, the New York City Opera premiered it in April , with a revised version mounted in Both the ballet and the opera take place in rural America: one in the southern Appalachians; the other in Midwest farm country.
Both make use of folk materials to evoke a particular landscape in a real way. I adapted several folk songs for inclusion in the opera, among them "Ching-a-Ring Chaw" for the square dance number and "Zion's Walls" for the quintet that closes Act I.
As in most suites extracted from operas, Copland arranged the selections on musical considerations, rather than in the order of the plot. It opens with a stomping dance for brass band Listen. The composer's handling of the party music certainly supports his comments about the relationship between the musical style of The Tender Land Listen and Appalachian Spring Listen.
The somber hues of night , the so-called Anvil Chorus, is sung by a band of Gypsies as Count di Luna prepares to besiege the castle where Manrico is harboring Leonora.
Its name derives from the accompaniment of actual anvils in the percussion section of the orchestra Listen. The best-known passage from the scene is the choral refrain, to anvil accompaniment Listen. Based on a popular French novel that also gave rise to operas by Daniel Auber and Jules Massenet, Manon Lescaut is the story of Chevalier Des Grieux and his lover Manon Lescaut, who flaunt family and public opinion by living together in Paris.
As Manon is dying of dehydration and exhaustion, the lovers sing their most intense duet Listen. An echo of their music in happier times explodes into the inevitable tragedy Listen. In Nabucco, we get a glimpse of the composer at the unpromising beginning of his career. The year was His first two operas had been dismal failures and he had vowed never to write another note. The impresario Bartolomeo Merelli, however, presented the young Verdi with the libretto for Nabucco, which the composer patently ignored.
When he casually looked through it five months later, he was hooked. The opera enacts the story of the destruction of the Temple in Jerusalem in C. I was crowned before I was king. He attempted to repeat this triumph in the remaining 55 years of his life but to no avail.
In he took over as conductor at La Scala in Milan when Arturo Toscanini resigned in protest over the Fascist regime, and in he composed an opera Nerone as a tribute to Mussolini — although why anyone would want to be likened to the emperor Nero is anyone's guess. Mascagni came close to total obscurity. Responding to an advertisement for a one-act opera competition promoted by a publisher, he composed his masterpiece in only a few weeks but did not consider it suitable, choosing to send in an act from an earlier opera instead.
His wife, however, submitted the score of Cavalleria without his knowledge, and the rest is history. Cavalleria is an adaptation of the novella by the Sicilian writer Giovanni Verga, the originator and most important writer of the verismo literary movement.
The single act includes an adulterous love triangle, jealousy, betrayal and a duel to the death. The Intermezzo opens the final scene, as the people are in church celebrating Easter Sunday, just before the fatal duel. The Intermezzo spins out a single theme Listen. It was also one of the most influential for musical development at the end of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, not least of all in the expansion of the orchestra and innovations in orchestration.
Wagner had numerous axes to grind with his massive tetralogy. He conceived a system of musical symbolism in which dozens of specific musical motives, or Leitmotiven, represented characters, objects and abstract concepts, which when combined provided simultaneous layers of meaning to the music and text.
Wagner considered the complete integration of music, text and spectacle, or Gesamtkunstwerk total art work , to be the pinnacle of his own genius, as well as the model for the perfection of artistic creativity of the future. One of the most popular and successful composers of musicals, Andrew Lloyd Webber, comes from a musical family.
His father, William, was Director of the London College of Music, his mother a piano teacher and his brother Julian is a well-known cellist. He started composing at age nine, and his first musical, The Likes of Us, at Lloyd Webber has the distinction of having had three of his shows Cats, Evita and Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat running at the same time on Broadway.
His music is an eclectic blend of classical, rock and folk music; the proportions of the recipe change depending on the nature of the show. The Phantom of the Opera premiered in London and has been a spectacular success on both sides of the Atlantic and in translation worldwide.
Christine tells Raoul about her subterranean voice lessons with the Phantom, and he promises to protect her. But the Phantom overhears them and wreaks further havoc throughout Act II. He urges her to seduce Radames into deserting over to the Ethiopians, but the plot is discovered by Amneris and the High Priest Ramfis.
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