Estelle transitions take no time to react too, but the total reaction time of the system is defined. They model the system like one machine, instead of the set of machines that use Estelle to do the same.
In Estelle all messages must be treated. This feature is annoying when the environment or the system itself is generating events in a continuous way like a sensor does, for instance. Summarising, we have two languages with interesting features, that could be integrate in only a new language: we will adopt the way StateCharts specify independent systems, while we will use Estelle to specify the communication among different subsystems.
The language of the StateCharts Among all the languages designed to develop reactive systems we have chosen StateCharts because is a visual language, that allow us to develop systems in a very natural way. StateCharts is a visual formalism for specifying reactive systems. It uses state-diagrams traditional state machines with some additional features, like concurrent states and modular state decomposition, to avoid the explosion of the number of states.
The system evolution is driven by the events that come from the environment or from the system itself. All the events are instantaneously broadcast to the whole system. A statechart represent a system like a state machine, using rounded rectangles for the states and arrows for the transitions among them. Any of these parts of the transition expression can be omitted. A state can be divided in several substates, building a hierarchy of states. Some of the states can be concurrent orthogonal.
We have omitted transition tags to simplify it. The component is decomposed into three states: Cmd, Norm and Disp. There are some additional features, like history connectors, condition and selection entrances, delays and time-outs, A more detailed description of the Statechart formalism can be found in [4].
The Synchronous Estelle Language We propose to add to a Estelle specification a new kind of module, which we call systemsynchronity. Modules of this class will run in parallel with the rest of modules of the Estelle specification, but inside of them syntax and semantics are different of Estelle modules and more similar to a component of a Statechart or RSML component.
One systemsynchronity module stands for one finite state machine with hierarchical and parallel states. One module of this kind can be divided again in several modules, each one of them represent one "extended state" of the hierarchical machine. The structure of this state machine and its operational semantics is similar to an Statechart.
Apart of this kind of modules, the rest of the Synchronous Estelle specification is similar to Standard Estelle. To specify the systemsynchronity modules we will use a very similar syntax to standard modules, in order to make it familiar to Estelle developers. Moreover, this syntax has a direct relation with a graphical specification, making easy to develop tools that can obtain a textual Synchronous Estelle specification from a graphical one.
Synchronous Estelle syntax A systemsynchronity module is declared in two parts like every Estelle module : first the header is declared, and then the body of it. In the header declaration appear the name, the interaction points with the rest of the specification and the interaction points with the environment. Interaction points with other modules are kept to use the usual Estelle message passing mechanism.
The environment interaction points are an easy way to connect the system with the rest of the world. Points dec. Here we can declare constants, types, variables, procedures and functions in the same way than in standard Estelle. We can also declare new modules inside, that will represent compound states in the global state machine. Transitions between modules stand for transitions between states, but they have a similar syntax than in Estelle.
Finally, we can specify initialization sentences, that will be executed at the beginning of the execution of the system. Test your vocabulary with our question quiz! A daily challenge for crossword fanatics. Love words? Need even more definitions? Ask the Editors 'Everyday' vs. What Is 'Semantic Bleaching'? How 'literally' can mean "figuratively".
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Take the quiz. How Strong Is Your Vocabulary? So the key task before using synchronous vs. Understand the dependencies between processes to identify which are independent and which must be executed as a result of other processes.
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