Read entire file with python

Permissions are specified per file. For example, under Linux, we can do so with the ls -l command:. In the output, you see two dummy files I created for demonstration purposes. The first is a script file, and the second is a Python file called myapp. At the start of the line, you see cryptic letters like r, w, and x that define the file permissions. Files can have the following permissions:. Knowing what permissions there are is not enough, though. As you can see in the example listing above, the r gets repeated three times for each file.

The permissions are listed in this order as well. So we have three permissions fields for each access type, resulting in a nine-character long string. Finally, there are several file types. The most well-known are regular files and directories, but there are more types.

This is the complete list:. So go and explore if you want or need to, but this quick introduction here should get you started. You must be logged in to post a comment. Post navigation Interaction with the Operating System. Python Subprocess. Table of contents. Please consider the amount of work that I put into writing these tutorials and blog posts while making them available for free. I need ads or donations to keep writing. I hope you understand!

Please support me by disabling your adblocker on my website. Alternatively, you could buy me a coffee. Your support goes a long way, allows me to write more, and keep all the articles up-to-date. Interaction with the Operating System. I need to read whole source data from file something. Any idea how to achieve it?

Use binary mode when you're dealing with binary file. If I understand correctly, binary mode only deals with new lines and only on Windows, so it won't solve the problem. How are you counting the bytes? How do you know you have only part of it? What does len s return? And warning: If Python thinks that s should contain human-readable text, it will pitch a fit if it encounters poorly encoded characters beyond ASCII.

Show 1 more comment. Active Oldest Votes. Use binary mode b when you're dealing with binary file. Add a comment. To reproduce this and demonstrate: Create file of bytes with open 'testfile', 'wb' as fout: fout. The r can be ignored if the file is in same directory and address is not being placed.

Open function to open the file "MyFile1. Closing a file close function closes the file and frees the memory space acquired by that file. It is used at the time when the file is no longer needed or if it is to be opened in a different file mode. Reads n bytes, if no n specified, reads the entire file. For specified n, reads at most n bytes. However, does not reads more than one line, even if n exceeds the length of the line.

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